Ethereum 2.0Ethereum 2
Ethereum 2.0
Ethereum 2.0
No blockchain has gone through so many hardships like Ethereum. As the birthplace of most tokens and smart contracts, Ethereum has an indescribable charm for developers and project parties. But Ethereum has not really taken shape, and it needs to go beyond the stage of "tranquility".
In fact, the initial plan of 'Tranquility' was to execute a hard fork, but due to its greater complexity than expected, it is now slowly transitioning to a long-term plan.
Why is there ETH2.0?
Chromatic Capital believes that Ethereum can only process 15 transactions per second. If complex applications are expanded, it will be a huge expense, while Visa can process thousands of transactions per second. The reason why it is "slow" is that Ethereum needs to maintain decentralization.
According to the design, it is possible to rely on super nodes, i.e. consensus nodes with sufficiently powerful servers, to handle every transaction. This solution is very simple. Ethereum can maintain the original status and only need to frequently parallel the client processing process.
IOTAEthereum 2.0
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Ethereum 2.0Ethereum 2.0Fragmentation technology, proof of ownership, and new virtual machines.ShardingCDShardingProof of EquityRefers to nodes that no longer rely on miners to produce blocks and are replaced by Stackers, i.e. nodes with a certain ETH. This not only saves electricity, but also quickly determines the finality of transactions, ensuring greater decentralization of validators. For many years, Ethereum developers have been studying a consensus mechanism to quickly confirm transactions and constrain Stacker to comply with transaction rules. After being converted to PoS, Ethereum can confirm the finality of the transaction in a few seconds and prevent the double flower attack.New Virtual MachineAllow developers to create their own execution environment. This allows for the execution of other blockchain rules, such as BTC or Zcash. Therefore, Ethereum can become a universal structure for different blockchains.
ShardingPoS
Stage 0: Beacon Chain
Ethereum 2.064ShardingEthereum 2.0
CasparProof of EquityShardingSharding
Proof of EquityEthereum 2.0ShardingShardingSharding
In return, the validator obtains ETH2- the native currency on the beacon chain. In the long run, ETH2 will replace ETH without an issuance limit, ensuring the long-term security of the block.
The beacon chain will be launched in the second or third quarter of 2020, which is the launch phase 0. At that time, a beacon client can be run, and users can send their own ether (ETH1) to the beacon chain, which will be converted to ETH2 on the beacon chain. The conversion can only be executed in one direction, so ETH1 is indeed destroyed.
stage0eth1eth2eth2Shardingeth2
stage1Sharding
2021ShardingShardingShardingdapp
stage1ShardingSharding
stageProof of Equity
At this stage, the eth1 and eth2 chains will continue to work in parallel. From Stage 2, Ethereum will be a little exciting.
Stage 2: Realizing the VisionAccording to the roadmap, during the "Realizing the True Vision of ETH2" phase:ShardingETH2stageShardingShardingZcashETH1
Colorful Capital explains in this way:
Just like ETH1 jumping out of Bitcoin and implementing on chain smart contracts, ETH will jump out of ETH1 and redefine the essence of blockchain computing
stage2ShardingShardingDAppEthereum
Phase 2 is expected to be achieved by the end of 2021 or early 2022. According to the roadmap, many aspects of Phase 2, such as the concept of the execution environment, are still under in-depth research and development.
stage3-6
Ethereum 2.06stage3stage3stageETH1ETH1ETH2ETH1ethereth1eth2
Ethereum's Github Wiki describes4stagestage3: Light Client State Protocol
The client becomes minimalist to reduce the size of Ethereum states carried by a single node, but the states are not completely removed.
stage4Cross chain sending transactions
Sharding
stage5Tightly coupled with main chain securitystage6Sharding
ShardingShardingShardingSharding
stageETH24-5
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